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Papers
with an overview of SLAs within country level development strategies |
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Assessment
of Micro-Macro Linkages in Poverty Alleviation: South Asia
(UNDP/2003) PDF
This report focuses on UNDP experience and assesses the linkages
between micro level participatory poverty alleviation schemes
and macro level poverty alleviation policy initiatives in five
countries in South Asia - Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan
and Sri Lanka. Broad recommendations suggest the importance
of continuing to advocate for more holistic and dynamic approaches;
disseminating lessons to macro levels processes through analysis
of micro level projects and the critical nature of poverty monitoring.
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Sustainable
Livelihoods Guidance Sheets, Section 6 -Comparing Development
Approaches
PDF
This section of the guidance sheets examines the relationship
between SL approaches and country-level development strategies
such as the Comprehensive Development Framework, Poverty Reduction
Strategy Papers and National Strategies for Sustainable Development.
It provides a useful introduction to macro level policy and
livelihoods by unraveling some of the main terminology and concepts.
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Sub-Saharan
Africa's Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers from Social Policy
and Sustainable Livelihoods Perspectives
(Neil Thin; Mary Underwood / Jim Gilling / 2001) HTML
How
far are social policy and livelihood issues/approaches incorporated
in Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers (PRSPs)? Can SL approaches
strengthen and add value to national level policy on poverty
reduction? This report written in 2001 presents findings from
a review of documents to offer insights into PRSPs. It is based
on published PRSPs from Africa as well as joint staff assessments
of the World Bank and IMF. The review is descriptive and analytical
and its recommendations are deliberately challenging, suggesting
priorities for strengthening social policy and livelihood dimensions
in PRSPs.
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The
Potential of Using Sustainable Livelihoods Approaches in Poverty
Reduction Strategy Papers (Andy Norton / Mick Foster / 2001)
HTML
Do
sustainable livelihoods (SL) approaches have value at the level
of overall poverty reduction policy? To what extent can they
be used in support of Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers (PRSPs)?
This 2001 ODI working paper reviews the operational experience
of working with SL approaches at policy levels, and explores
their possible application in the PRSPs in terms both of process
(how the PRSP is developed and research conducted) and specific
content. It highlights advantages and drawbacks of the approach
and recommends areas where further work needs to be carried
out.
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Developing
Pro-Poor Policy - Are PRSPs the Answer? (Theme 3 of DFID
/ Asia Regional Livelihoods Workshop / 2000) PDF
This is an extract from a report of an Asia Regional livelihoods
workshop held in 2000. Given the limited Asian experience of
the PRSP initiative, presentations and discussions under this
theme focused broadly on national planning processes and on
the challenges of scaling up livelihood issues to national levels,
rather than narrowly on PRSPs. Neil Thin presented a background
paper , comparing the experiences in Africa and Asia. A table
highlights the livelihoods contents of Asian PRSPs. Elizabeth
Carriere's paper focused upon the links between livelihoods
analysis and macro-policy formation in Indonesia. Small group
discussion highlighted observations regarding the links between
SL and national poverty analysis.
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Guidelines
for Understanding a Regional-National Sustainable Livelihoods
Study ( Khanya / 2000) PDF
These guidelines are intended to assist people who wish to develop
a poverty eradication strategy using a sustainable livelihoods
(SL) approach. This could be for a region, or country, but it
is assumed these would be based on the SL principles. It is
based on work carried out in Zambia, Zimbabwe and South Africa
during 1998/9, which explored how the approach could be undertaken,
with different partners and emphases.
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Papers
providing country specific examples of the use of SLAs within
country-led development strategies |
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Jordan
Human Development Report 2004: Building Sustainable Livelihoods
English PDF
(2MB) / Arabic PDF
(3 MB) NEW
Jordan's
second National Human Development Report places the poor at
the centre of analysis and attempts to understand poverty through
the eyes of the poor themselves. The report promotes sustainable
livelihoods as the goal
of development and uses the SL framework to capture and analyse
the strategies of the poor as they struggle to escape poverty.
The report places great emphasis on issues of vulnerability
and the impact of shock. A major theme is that the considerable
human development gains that have been achieved at the macro-level
in Jordan have yet to trickle down to many sub-groups among
the poor. |
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Rural
Livelihoods and Poverty Reduction Strategies in Four African
Countries (Frank Ellis / H. Ade Freeman) PDF
This
paper compares and contrasts rural livelihoods in Uganda, Kenya,Tanzania
and Malawi, with a view to informing rural poverty reduction
policies within Poverty Reduction Strategy Plans (PRSPs). Lessons
for PRSPs centre on the creation of a facilitating rather than
blocking public sector environment for the multiplication of
non-farm enterprises; seeking creative solutions to the spread
of technical advice to farmers; and examining critically the
necessity for, and impact of, tax revenue collection by district
councils on rural incomes and enterprise. This is a useful paper
for using SLAs to understand the local context to inform PRSP
processes.
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The
Sustainable Livelihoods Approach and Programme Development in
Cambodia (Cathryn Turton / 2000) PDF
SL approaches influenced the development of DFID's Country Strategy
Paper (CSP) for Cambodia. Cathryn Turton discusses how SL approaches
were used to identify options for a programme to support rural
livelihoods in Cambodia and how this work was subsequently fed
into wider discussions on the CSP. The experiences discussed
would be a useful reference for activities seeking to make CSPs
or other national strategies more people centred, more holistic
and better informed by the links between poverty at the micro-level
and macro-level policy.
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Mongolia:
Participatory Living Standards Assessment 2000 (Robin Mearns
/ Enkhtor Dulamdary / Meera Kaul Shah / 2001) PDF
How
can participatory learning and action methods broaden and deepen
understanding of poverty at the national level in Mongolia?
Can sustainable livelihood (SL) approaches strengthen and add
value to national level policy on poverty reduction? The Participatory
Living Standards Assessment 2000 (PLSA) aims to inform national
policy, in part as an essential component of Mongolia's PRSP.
The paper reflects on issues such as social differentiation,
vulnerability and access to assets that will need to be tackled
at public policy level in order to help create an enabling environment
within which all groups in Mongolia may achieve more secure
and sustainable livelihoods.
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Learning
from the Grassroots: Lessons from Community Action for Policy
Change (George Varughese / SEI ) (PDF)
This paper investigates how the decentralisation process
in India is enabling more grassroots organisations to be recognised
and how they are making an increasing contribution to policy
formulation and implementation at different levels.
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People,
Poverty and Livelihoods: Links for Sustainable Poverty Reduction
in Indonesia (Nilanjana
Mukherjee / Joan Hardjono / Elizabeth Carriere / 2002) PDF
What does the Sustainable Livelihoods
Approach add to participatory research on poverty? What are
the links between macro-level structures, poor people's resources
and livelihood strategies? This paper reports on participatory
action research carried out in four communities in Indonesia
in 2000. The research aimed to inform the World Bank's poverty
assessment and Country Assistance Strategy and to demonstrate
the potential of the Sustainable Livelihoods framework to increase
understanding of the dynamics of poverty. Highlights of the
study findings include that SL offered an analysis which captures
the complexity of poverty issues, can respond flexibly to poor
people's priorities, and remains directly relevant to policy
and intervention strategies. |
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Poverty
Eradication Strategy for the Free State -South Africa (Government
of South Africa and Khanya/ 1999) PDF
This
report is a strategy document for the reduction of poverty in
the Free State, South Africa. It is a useful example for those
embarking on a poverty reduction strategy process, working with
a network of stakeholders and wishing to use the sustainable
livelihoods approach to think through issues. It uses SLA to
facilitate a multidimensional understanding of poverty and as
a conceptual tool for carrying out research for the strategy. |
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The
Role of the State in Rural Poverty Reduction: Where do Sector-Wide
and Sustainable Livelihoods Approaches Fit in? (Jim Gilling
/ Alex Duncan / Stephen Jones / 2000) DOC
What are the links between sector-wide approaches (SWAPS)
and sustainable livelihood approaches (SLAs) in the context
of poverty reduction? Can SLAs identify the potential role of
governments and donors in fighting poverty? A recent report
from Oxford Policy Management discusses the use of SWAPS and
SLAs to enhance the pro-poor impact of development assistance.
The paper presents a framework that encompasses both approaches
and focuses on the role of the state in poverty-focused policy
formulation and implementation. The paper concludes with a set
of guidelines that indicate the core areas upon which donors
need to focus if they are to exploit potential synergy between
SWAPS and SLAs.
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